Ett nytt sätt att utvärdera skatteförändringar
Lundberg, J. (2018). Ett nytt sätt att utvärdera skatteförändringar. Ekonomisk debatt, 46(6), s 38 – 45.
Lundberg, J. (2018). Ett nytt sätt att utvärdera skatteförändringar. Ekonomisk debatt, 46(6), s 38 – 45.
Skattesystemet påverkar individers ekonomiska beslut, vilket ger effekter på skatteintäkter och sysselsättning. Den här artikeln beskriver simuleringsmodellen Swedish Labour Income Microsimulation Model (Slimm), som konstruerats för att uppskatta dessa effekter. Beteendeförändringarna i modellen är hämtade från den empiriska forskningen. Enligt simuleringar i modellen försvinner 43 procent av intäkterna vid höjd kommunalskatt till följd av dynamiska effekter, jobbskatteavdraget har skapat 128 000 jobb och det skulle vara självfinansierande att sänka skatten för höginkomsttagare.
2021
Ratio Working Paper
The Covid-19 pandemic has made it clear that the labour market situation can change
extremely rapidly when there is an unexpected exogenous shock to the economy. Even
though the transformation of the labour market as a result of the development of ICT
(Information Communication Technology) industries facilitates more-flexible
conditions, it is now more important than ever for EU Member States to improve the
functioning of their labour markets. Member States need to increase possibilities for
training and retraining throughout peoples’ working lives in order to smooth the
transformation into a digital world of work.
2020
This study investigates the relationship between mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and entrepreneurial spawning in labour-intensive service sectors. We discuss two sets of theoretical mechanisms. First, M&As may push employees into entrepreneurship by lowering the average barriers of leaving the current employment (i.e. being associated with general deterioration of working conditions). Second, M&A activities may generate new entrepreneurial opportunities, which are first and foremost accessible by employees directly affected by M&As. Results on entrepreneurial spawning in 3,198 Swedish firms during the time period 2000–2009 confirm that the number of firms spawned from a specific incumbent increases following an M&A. Push-oriented factors are found to contribute to this effect, but a dominating part of the total effect remains in the presence of proxies for push-effects. This suggests that pull-oriented explanations of opportunity creation in the wake of M&As constitute an important avenue for further research on the antecedents of new firm formation.
2020
Abstract
We review the literature that uses quasi-experimental methods to estimate the elasticity of labour force participation with respect to the financial gain from work. We find a wide range of elasticities, with an average of 0.36. 27 out of 35 papers find elasticities larger than 0.1, providing strong evidence that individuals respond to incentives on the extensive margin labour supply. Elasticities are larger for women, and have declined over time.