Labour Markets at a Crossroads

Sammanfattning

In the research project ”Wage formation and business dynamics” at the Ratio Institute a new book has been published edited by Nils Karlson and Henrik Lindberg. In Labour Markets at a crossroads: Causes of Change, Challenges and Need to Reform we investigate the vital aspects of the different Labour Markets Models in Europe. In ten chapters with three themes: Flexicurity and Labour market Dynamics, Unions and Industrial Action, Wages and Bargaining, different aspects and dimensions of the challenges that Europe face are addressed. The challenges are a persistent and furthermore increasing unemployment among the young, immigrants and disabled which calls for reform of the existing institutions.

A central conclusion made in the anthology is that one of the main causes of the shortcomings of the European labour markets in the functioning of the ”corporative cartels” meaning unions and employers organizations with cartels functions and purposes, upheld by legislation and corporative institutions.

Liknande innehåll

Rätt att välja. Framtidens vård och omsorg

BokPublikation

Karlson, N. & Lundbäck, M.

Publiceringsår

2022

Publicerat i

Dialogos förlag

Sammanfattning

Svensk vård och omsorg har väl kända problem med tillgängligheten, väntetiderna, servicenivån och vårdkedjorna. En åldrande befolkning, dyra behandlingar och en förväntad ökad efterfrågan på vård och omsorg förstärker utmaningarna. Därför behövs en breddad diskussion om hur framtidens sjukvård ska finansieras och organiseras.

I boken jämförs vård och omsorgssystemen i Sverige, Nederländerna, Australien och Schweiz, med hjälp av internationella index och fallstudier. En slutsats är att valfrihet och olika typer av försäkringslösningar i regel leder till större tillgänglighet och förbättrar förmågan till institutionellt lärande.

Ratio Working Paper No. 353: From free competition to fair competition on the European internal market

Working paperPublikation

Karlson, N., Herold, T. & Dalbard, K.

Ladda ner

Publiceringsår

2022

Publicerat i

Ratio Working Paper

Sammanfattning

This paper investigates whether an increased use and reinterpretation of what has been called “fair competition” has occurred at the expense of “free competition” among the central institutions of the European Union. We are also interested in assessing how frequently these terms have been used by the various EU institutions over time.

We have empirically examined this through a quantitative survey of more than 12,000 public documents, out of totally 242 000 documents containing 630 million words, in the EUR-lex database over the last 50 years, from 1970 to 2020. Our conclusion is that the emphasis of the common policies in the EU is likely to have shifted from free competition and an open market economy to “fair competition” in the sense of a level playing field, in official EU documents, such as treaties, EU acts institutions, preparatory documents relating to EU directives and recommendations including motions and resolutions, case law and more.

The European Commission has been a driving force in this development, followed closely by the European Parliament and subsequently by the Council of Ministers. This change entails a risk that the regulation of the European internal market has shifted so that the dynamics of the internal market and thus the EU’s competitiveness will weaken. The change also entails a centralization of decisions at EU level at the expense of the Member States.

Ratio Working Paper No. 350: A quickly transforming labour market

Working paperPublikation

Uddén Sonnegård, E.

Ladda ner

Publiceringsår

2021

Publicerat i

Ratio Working Paper

Sammanfattning

The Covid-19 pandemic has made it clear that the labour market situation can change
extremely rapidly when there is an unexpected exogenous shock to the economy. Even
though the transformation of the labour market as a result of the development of ICT
(Information Communication Technology) industries facilitates more-flexible
conditions, it is now more important than ever for EU Member States to improve the
functioning of their labour markets. Member States need to increase possibilities for
training and retraining throughout peoples’ working lives in order to smooth the
transformation into a digital world of work.

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