Var skapades Sveriges 100 främsta innovationer?

PublicationReports
Christian Sandström, Företagandets villkor, Innovation
Var skapades Sveriges 100 främsta innovationer?
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Abstract

Svenskt välstånd har i hög grad byggt på banbrytande innovationer som ofta har blivit exportsuccéer. I en ny rapport har forskare sammanställt var 100 av Sveriges främsta innovationer genom tiderna har uppstått. Rapporten är framtagen av Reforminstitutet i samarbete på initiativ av Stockholms Innovatörskrets med stöd av Svenska Uppfinnareföreningen. Rapporten fastslår att av dessa innovationer har hela 80 procent skapats av uppfinnare genom anställning vid företag eller i egen verksamhet och att andelen uppfinningar härstammande från universitet och högskolor uppgår till endast 20 procent. Även andra studier visar att universitetens innovativa roll är liten.

Universiteten är dock viktiga inom medicin och hälsa där de står för hela 56 procent av innovationerna. I denna sektor är forskning av avgörande betydelse för innovationers uppkomst. Inom sektorer såsom verkstad, bygg, telekom och IT står privata företag och enskilda uppfinnare för mer än 90 procent av innovationerna. Rapportens slutsatser har implikationer för forsknings- och innovationspolitiken. Om en överväldigande majoritet av Sveriges innovationer skapats av enskilda uppfinnare/näringsidkare och individer anställda av företag bör den svenska innovationspolitiken fokusera på dessa aktörer i första hand. En politik som sätter universiteten i centrum för innovationsstrategier ger förmodligen begränsade resultat. En mer generell slutsats är också att svensk innovationspolitik behöver bli mer evidensbaserad och mindre styrd av politisk retorik.

Sandström, C. (2014). Var skapades Sveriges 100 främsta innovationer? Rapport, Reforminstitutet och Svenska Uppfinnarföreningen.


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