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PublicationArticle (with peer review)

Innovation in Malmö after the Öresund bridge

Abstract

We analyze the effect of the Öresund Bridge, a combined railway and motorway bridge between Swedish Malmö and the Danish capital Copenhagen, on inventive activity in the region of Malmö. Applying difference-in-difference estimation on individual-level data, our findings suggest that the Öresund Bridge led to a significant increase in the number of patents per individual in the Malmö region as compared with the two other major regions in Sweden, Gothenburg, and Stockholm. We show that a key mechanism is the attraction of highly qualified workers to the Malmö region following the construction of the bridge.

The article in total can be accessed here.

Ejermo, O., Hussinger, K., Kalash, B., & Schubert, T. (2022). Innovation in Malmö after the Öresund bridge. Journal of Regional Science, 62(1), 5-20.

Details

Author
Ejermo, O., Hussinger, K., Kalash, B., & Schubert, T.
Publication year
2022
Published in

Journal of Regional Science, 62(1), 5-20.

Related

  • Professor

    Olof Ejermo

    olof.ejermo@ekh.lu.se

Similar content

Article (with peer review)

Conditions for doing business in rural areas: Survey evidence from in-movers and stayers

Aldén, L., Hammarstedt, M., & Skedinger, P.

Publication year

2026

Published in

Journal of Rural Studies, 122,

Abstract

This paper examines business conditions in rural Sweden, with a focus on differences between entrepreneurs who grew up in rural areas (“stayers”) and those who moved there as adults (“in-movers”). The analysis combines a large-scale survey with administrative register data for business owners aged 25–55 running firms with up to ten employees. Results show that entrepreneurs in rural municipalities place greater weight on both enabling and constraining factors than entrepreneurs in non-rural areas, consistent with a thinner institutional environment. Within rural areas, stayers emphasize locally embedded conditions such as municipal responsiveness and access to local services, while in-movers highlight transport and communication infrastructure and show stronger orientation toward external markets. Regression analyses indicate that these differences are largely explained by group composition: in-movers are, on average, more highly educated, more often women, and more concentrated in skill-intensive service sectors, whereas stayers are more concentrated in agriculture and other place-dependent industries. The findings suggest that policy should combine stronger local institutions and services with investments in transport and digital infrastructure to support diverse forms of rural entrepreneurship.

Article (with peer review)

Principal instructional leadership and teacher collaboration: A longitudinal study of the influence on pupil achievement

Persson, R., Demir, E. K., & Wennberg, K.
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Publication year

2025

Published in

Educational Management Administration & Leadership

Abstract

We study the effects of principal instructional leadership on pupil educational achievement using longitudinal data of 120,394 teacher responses across 1919 schools in Sweden over 9 years. Through multilevel structural equation modelling, we test how teacher ratings of principal leadership influence indicators of educational achievement and the extent to which this effect is channelled through a collaborative teacher culture in schools. Findings suggest that teacher collaboration partly mediates the relationship between principal instructional leadership and pupil educational achievement in terms of final year grade point average. However, concerning final year standardised test scores, principal instructional leadership alone has a stronger relationship to school performance than teacher collaboration. The longitudinal analysis suggests these patterns are driven by relatively stable differences between schools rather than dynamic changes in schools over time, indicating that variation in school contexts such as culture, organisational structure, and leadership practices persist over time. We discuss implications for research, practice, and policy on school leadership and teacher collaboration.

Article (with peer review)

Director turnover in new venture boards: From homophilous to resource-contingent processes

Balachandran, C., & Wennberg, K.
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Publication year

2025

Published in

Journal of Business Venturing

Abstract

Boards are a vital resource for early-stage ventures, offering advice, funding connections, and strategic guidance — especially when directors bring diverse expertise. Yet, as ventures grow and succeed, that diversity can erode. Our study of over 28,000 Swedish ownermanaged firms shows that directors whose expertise differs from that of the founder(s) are more likely to leave—not during hardship, but when the business is performing well. Interviews with several founders and directors further suggest that as ventures mature, they increasingly rely on internal capabilities and shift toward boards that reflect the founder’s evolving preferences. These dynamics lead to more homogenous boards over time, potentially narrowing the range of perspectives available in the board. For founders and policymakers, the findings highlight a key challenge: keeping diverse directors around not just at the start, but as the company scales.

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