Entreprenörskap och inkomstspridning – hur företagare påverkar ojämlikheten

PublikationArtikel (utan peer review)
Daniel Halvarsson, Entreprenörskap, Företagandets villkor, Inkomstfördelning, Karl Wennberg, Martin Korpi

Sammanfattning

Forskningen om inkomstojämlikhet har utvecklat modeller för att analysera inkomstspridning men har underlåtit att inkludera entreprenörskap – ett allt vanligare yrkesval. Vi undersöker hur antalet och typen av företagare påverkar inkomstskillnaderna i Sverige. Vi finner en tydlig polariseringseffekt av andelen företagare i arbetskraften: Egenföretagare ökar inkomstspridningen genom att flertalet har låga inkomster relativt löntagare, medan det omvända gäller för aktiebolagsföretagare. Påverkan sker således främst i svansarna av fördelningen, och den tycks vara som störst för egenföretagare.

Halvarsson, D., Korpi, M., & Wennberg, K. (2017). Entreprenörskap och inkomstspridning – hur företagare påverkar ojämlikheten. Ekonomisk debatt, 45(1), 53-59.


Liknande innehåll

Dynamics of founding team diversity and venture outcomes: A simulation approach
Artikel (med peer review)Publikation
Sundriyal, V. K., Lévesque, M., Wennberg, K., & Norgren, A.
Publiceringsår

2024

Publicerat i

Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal

Sammanfattning

Research summary

Entrepreneurship research overlooks the dynamics of changing diversity in founding teams. Our simulations calibrated from existing studies suggest that founding teams that change diversity exhibit greater discounted performance for their ventures due to being less diverse and thus their ventures surviving longer, compared to teams that maintain their diversity. Moreover, discounted performance is higher for teams changing diversity due to other teams’ performance than due to their own poor performance. Simulating without membership changes the interdependence between team diversity, venture performance, and team disruption, we find that while team diversity is overall performance-enhancing, this association differs across contexts and its impact varies as ventures mature. Founding team diversity should thus be seen as a continuum where moderate diversity can best serve teams in turbulent environments.

Managerial summary

We simulated the behavior of founding teams over time to show that compared to teams that do not change their diversity, those who do experience greater discounted performance for their business ventures. This improvement stems from the increased longevity, and thus greater accumulated performance, for teams that switch since they are more rather than less homogeneous. Our investigation also indicates that ventures led by teams that change diversity because they aspire to outperform other teams, tend to exhibit greater discounted performance than those that change diversity to outperform themselves. When we investigate the interconnectedness of teams’ diversity, ventures’ performance, and disruption, albeit without allowing for any changes in team diversity, we find that while diversity usually helps, teams moderately diversified tend to perform best in turbulent times.

Does new shopping centre development benefit or harm the local suburban market? Heterogeneous effects from shopping centre type and distance
Artikel (med peer review)Publikation
Mihaescu, O., Korpi, M., & Öner, Ö.
Publiceringsår

2024

Publicerat i

The Annals of Regional Science

Sammanfattning

We study the effects of new shopping centre developments on the performance of 7041 retail and hospitality firms located in the suburbs of Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. In particular, we analyse to what extent these effects vary with respect to the distance to, and characteristics of, these newly established centres. Exploiting data covering a 17-year period (2000–2016) in a fixed-effects panel regression framework, we find that the establishment of new neighbourhood centres is associated with an average increase in revenues and employment for retail incumbents by + 1.80% and + 1.20%, respectively, for each 100-m reduction in distance to the respective centre. Similarly, the introduction of large regional centres is associated with an increase in the revenues and employment of hospitality firms by + 1.40% and + 1.20%, respectively, for every 100-m decrease in proximity to the new shopping centre. Retail firms are affected by regional centres only in terms of their revenues, which increase by + 0.70% for each 100-m decrease in distance. Our results indicate a diminishing impact of both regional and neighbourhood centres with increased distance, suggesting a broader geographical reach for the effects of regional centres.

Corporate demography and wage inequality: Revisited
Artikel (med peer review)Publikation
Bomark, N., Carlberg Larsson, E., & Wennberg, K.
Publiceringsår

2024

Publicerat i

Socius, 10.

Sammanfattning

To further research how organizations influence workforce wage inequality, the authors replicate and extend Sorensen and Sorenson’s study on organizational demography and wage inequality in region-industries by (1) replicating original results from Danish regions from 1992 to 1998 using a close-to-identical dataset in Sweden during the same time period, (2) using multiverse analysis to gauge the effect of analytical choices on research results, and (3) expanding the scope of Sorensen and Sorenson’s model by two new measures of organizational diversity. The findings suggest strong to fair test-retest validity of the original model, but model extensions with nuanced measures of organization form diversity do not enhance the model’s explanatory power. The authors analyze and discuss replication anomalies and show how multiverse analysis can be gainfully used more generally in comparative organizational sociology.

Visa fler