Artificiell intelligens data – att dela eller inte dela?

Sammanfattning

Long, V. & Bjuggren, P-O. (2022). Artificiell intelligens data – att dela eller inte dela? Ekonomisk debatt, 2022(6).

Liknande innehåll

Artikel (utan peer review)

Ekonomers syn på äganderätt, från Adam Smith till nutid

Bjuggren, P.-O.

Publiceringsår

2024

Publicerat i

Ekonomisk Debatt.

Sammanfattning

Synen på äganderätt som den uppfattas av ekonomer har förändrats över tid. På Adam Smiths tid sågs äganderätt som en exklusiv rätt till en sak/egendom som gällde mot alla. Under början av 1900-talet skedde en förändring mot att se äganderätt som en rättslig relation mellan personer. Med en sådan syn försvinner den tidigare distinktionen mellan äganderätt och kontrakt. Ekonomer har kommit att anamma den nya synen. Under senare tid har det vuxit fram en kritik mot ekonomer som visar att den nya synen förbiser viktiga aspekter av äganderätt och har implikationer för transaktioner, stordriftsfördelar och opersonlig handel.

Artikel (med peer review)

Smaller is smarter: A case for small to medium-sized smart cities

Nowaczyk, S., Resmini, A., Long, V., Fors, V., Cooney, M., Duarte, E. K., ... & Dougherty, M.

Publiceringsår

2022

Publicerat i

Journal of Smart Cities and Society, (Preprint), 1-23.

Sammanfattning

Smart Cities have been around as a concept for quite some time. However, most examples of Smart Cities (SCs) originate from megacities (MCs), despite the fact that most people live in Small and Medium-sized Cities (SMCs). This paper addresses the contextual setting for smart cities from the perspective of such small and medium-sized cities. It starts with an overview of the current trends in the research and development of SCs, highlighting the current bias and the challenges it brings. We follow with a few concrete examples of projects which introduced some form of “smartness” in the small and medium cities context, explaining what influence said context had and what specific effects did it lead to. Building on those experiences, we summarise the current understanding of Smart Cities, with a focus on its multi-faceted (e.g., smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment and smart living) nature; we describe mainstream publications and highlight the bias towards large and very large cities (sometimes even subconscious); give examples of (often implicit) assumptions deriving from this bias; finally, we define the need of contextualising SCs also for small and medium-sized cities. The aim of this paper is to establish and strengthen the discourse on the need for SMCs perspective in Smart Cities literature. We hope to provide an initial formulation of the problem, mainly focusing on the unique needs and the specific requirements. We expect that the three example cases describing the effects of applying new solutions and studying SC on small and medium-sized cities, together with the lessons learnt from these experiences, will encourage more research to consider SMCs perspective. To this end, the current paper aims to justify the need for this under-studied perspective, as well as to propose interesting challenges faced by SMCs that can serve as initial directions of such research.

Working paper

Working Paper No. 355: The artificial intelligence (AI) data access regime: what are the factors affecting the access and sharing of industrial AI data?

Bjuggren, P.O. & Long, V.

Publiceringsår

2022

Publicerat i

Bjuggren, P.O. & Long, V.

Sammanfattning

This paper decomposes the factors that govern the access and sharing of machine-generated industrial data in the artificial intelligence era. Through a mapping of the key technological, institutional, and firm-level factors that affect the choice of governance structures, this study provides a synthesised view of AI data-sharing and coordination mechanisms. The question to be asked here is whether the hitherto de facto control—bilateral contracts and technical solution-dominating industrial practices in data sharing—can handle the long-run exchange needs or not.

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