Entrepreneurship after displacement
Nyström, K. (2020). Entrepreneurship after displacement. Small Business Economics. 54(2), 475-494 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-018-0045-1
Nyström, K. (2020). Entrepreneurship after displacement. Small Business Economics. 54(2), 475-494 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-018-0045-1
According to Hoetker and Agarwal (Academy of Management Journal, 50(2), 446–469, 2007), research on knowledge transfers related to business closures is scarce. This paper intends to fill the knowledge gap on the transition to entrepreneurship after a business closure. This paper studies which employees are most likely to start an entrepreneurial venture after being affected by a displacement. Furthermore, following, e.g., Hyttinen and Maliranta (Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 110(1), 1–21, 2008) and Sørensen (Administrative Science Quarterly, 52, 387–412, 2007), this study investigates the link between former workplace characteristics, such as the size and age of the former workplace, and the transition into entrepreneurship. In the second part of the analysis, the performance of the entrepreneurial ventures started by employees after displacement is explored as it relates to survival, employment, and profitability. The empirical setting employs an employer-employee-matched dataset coving all displaced employees in Sweden during 2001–2010. The empirical findings suggest that employees displaced from smaller firms are more likely to transition to entrepreneurship. Employing a Cox proportional hazard model to study the survival of these companies shows that new firms generated by displaced employees from small establishments are more viable. Furthermore, individuals who took part in labor market polices have a higher probability of becoming entrepreneurs, although these firms tend to show lower survival rates, which indicates that these transitions are necessity-based. As for the performance of the business, the empirical findings suggest modest growth in terms of employment, turnover, and operating profit for the vast majority of entrepreneurial ventures started after displacement.
2022
Questioning the Entrepreneurial State, 219.
This chapter investigates Chinese wind power development and concludes that innovation cannot be pushed by the efforts of many, and that when the state clarifies directions and objectives, these can be achieved but with severe and unexpected side effects. Two topics are explored: wind curtailment and low technological development, both examples of unproductive entrepreneurship induced by government policies. The goal of wind power capacity expansion leads to construction (i.e., generation capacity) but little electricity. Examples of failures include low grid connectivity with, some years averaging 15% of generation capacity broken or unconnected to the grid. A key lesson for Europe is that forced innovation often amounts to little and that the old saying holds up: “no plan survives contact with reality.”
The book can be downloaded here.
2020
Ratio Working Paper
This paper studies the perceived difficulty of recruiting scarce competences to rural regions. Furthermore, the role of policy in facilitating and enhancing recruitment to and better skills matching in rural regions is discussed. Based on a survey targeted to the business sections in Swedish municipalities, the results show that recruitment is perceived to be difficult in both rural and non-rural regions. However, recruitment problems in the public sector are more pronounced in rural municipalities. Nevertheless, recruitment to the public and business sectors are perceived to be equally difficult in rural regions. Both rural municipalities and non-rural municipalities state that the difficulty of recruiting the right skills results in a lack of skills matching and constitutes an obstacle to growth. Which policies can help remedy recruitment problems in rural regions? The pecuniary incentive of writing off student debt is perceived to be the most promising policy, but respondents also believe that non-pecuniary support such as relocation support for accompanying persons and tandem recruitment should be implemented to a greater extent. Finally, the need for flexibility and policies that can be adapted to the regional demand for labour are stressed. This regards for example the adaption of education programmes to local needs and rules and regulations.
2019
Hur påverkas svensk arbetsmarknad av teknikutveckling, tjänstefiering, entreprenörskap och immigration? Hur väl förmår de institutionella villkoren i form av lagar, regler och skatter att hänga med?
Detta är temat för forskningsantologin En dynamisk arbetsmarknad.
En väl fungerande arbetsmarknad förutsätter ändamålsenliga villkor för medarbetare och arbetsgivare i syfte att uppmuntra utveckling, jobbskapande och tillväxt. I en föränderlig värld behöver dessa villkor utvecklas och förbättras.
Femton forskare i ekonomisk historia, företagsekonomi, nationalekonomi, sociologi och statsvetenskap analyserar de viktigaste omvärldsförändringarna och de lagar, regler och skatter som påverkar förutsättningarna på arbetsmarknaden. Studierna bygger på empiriska undersökningar och forskningssammanställningar, och syftet är att bidra till en välgrundad diskussion om framtiden för svensk arbetsmarknad.