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PublikationArtikel (utan peer review)

Privat och offentlig sysselsättning i Sverige 1950-2005.

Sammanfattning

Ny statistik gör det möjligt att analysera den privata och offentliga sysselsättningsutvecklingen utifrån fler ägarkategorier samt verksamheters branschtillhörighet och storlek. Jämfört med tidigare har den privata sysselsättningen utvecklats svagare. Privata företag utan koncerntillhörighet uppvisar en sjunkande sysselsättning. Hade deras sysselsättning som andel av den arbetsföra befolkningen varit oförändrad skulle ytterligare 225 000 personer ha varit sysselsatta år 2005. Sysselsättningen i stora industrikoncerner har fallit kraftigt. Minskningarna förklaras rimligtvis till viss del av strukturomvandling, men också av utslagning. Den ekonomiska politikens effekter på privatpersoners incitament att starta och expandera företag bör tas upp till diskussion.

Bjuggren, C.M. & Johansson, D. (2009). ”Privat och offentlig sysselsättning i Sverige 1950-2005.”Ekonomisk Debatt, 37(1): 41-53.

Detaljer

Författare
Bjuggren, C.M. & Johansson, D.
Publiceringsår
2009
Publicerat i

Ekonomisk Debatt

Relaterat

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    Stärkt utvecklingskraft förutsätter generella åtgärder

    Antalet anställda i privat sektor i Sverige är oförändrat sedan 1950. Netto har inga jobb tillkommit. Däremot har den offentliga sektorn vuxit starkt. Samtidigt har befolkningen och därmed försörjningsbördan och utanförskapet ökat. Figuren nedan, baserad...

    Publicerat 29 april 2010
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Öberg, C., & Alexander, A.

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Sammanfattning

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Sammanfattning

What is the role of innovation policy for accomplishing renewal of mature industries in Western economies? Drawing upon an unusually rich dataset spanning 9752 digitized archival documents, we categorize and code decisions taken by policymakers on several levels while also mapping and quantifying the strategic activities of both entrant firms and incumbent monopolists over a decade. Our data concerns two empirical cases from Sweden during the time period 1980–1990: the financial sector and the telecommunications sector. In both industries, a combination of technological and institutional upheaval came into motion during this time period which in turn fueled the revitalization of the Swedish economy in the subsequent decades. Our findings show that Swedish policymakers in both cases consistently acted in order to promote the emergence of more competition and de novo entrant firms at the expense of established monopolies. The paper quantifies and documents this process while also highlighting several enabling conditions. In conclusion, the results indicate that successful innovation policy in mature economies is largely a matter of strategically dealing with resourceful vested interest groups, alignment of expectations, and removing resistance to industrial renewal.

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Bergh, A., Erlingsson, G., Gustafsson, A. & Wittberg, E.

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Sammanfattning

The market-inspired reforms of New Public Management have been particularly pronounced in Swedish local government. Notably, municipally owned enterprises (MOEs) have rapidly grown in numbers. Principal-agent theory gives rise to the hypothesis that the massive introduction of MOEs has impacted negatively on the conditions for accountability in Swedish local government. To study this, social network analysis was employed in mapping networks for 223 MOEs in 11 strategically chosen municipalities, covering a total of 732 politicians. The analysis reveals substantial overlaps between principals (representatives of the ultimate stakeholders, citizens) and agents (the boards of the MOEs). Hence, corporatization of public services seems to imply worrisome entanglements between the politicians who are set to steer, govern, and oversee MOEs on the one hand, and the board members of MOEs on the other. The increasing numbers of MOEs may therefore have adverse effects on accountability in important and growing parts of Swedish local government.

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