Working Paper No. 109. Reciprocity and Payment Schemes

PublikationWorking paper
Företagandets villkor, Jämställdhet, Lönebildning, Reciprocitet

Sammanfattning

A growing literature stresses the importance of reciprocity, especially for employment relations. In this paper, we study the interaction of different payment modes with reciprocity. In particular,we analyze how equal wages affect performance and effciency in an environment characterized by contractual incompleteness. In our experiment, one principal is matched with two agents. The principal pays equal wages in one treatment and can set individual wages in the other. We find that the use of equal wages elicits substantially lower efforts and effciency. This is not caused by monetary incentives per se since under both wage schemes it is profit-maximizing for agents to exert high efforts. The treatment difference is rather driven by the fact that reciprocity is violated far more frequently in the equal wage treatment. Agents suffering from a violation of reciprocity subsequently withdraw effort. Our results suggest that individual reward and punishment opportunities are crucial for making reciprocity a powerful contract enforcement device.

Abeler, J., Altmann, S., Kube, S. & Wibral, M. (2006). Reciprocity and Payment Schemes: When Equality Is Unfair. Ratio Working Paper No. 109.


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Artikel (med peer review)Publikation
Öberg, C.
Publiceringsår

2020

Sammanfattning

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Lönebildning och den låga löneglidningen
RapporterPublikation
Uddén Sonnegård, E.
Publiceringsår

2020

Publicerat i

Arbetsmarknadsprogrammet

Sammanfattning

Sammanfattning:
Löneglidningen har varit oväntat låg i Sverige och i det närmaste obefintlig under senare år. Vad beror detta på? Löneglidning (som kallas restpost i den officiella lönestatistiken) mäts som löneökningar utöver avtalade löneökningar. Att löneglidningen helt skulle ha försvunnit ifrågasätts i denna rapport. Resultaten visar att löneglidning finns men inte är synlig i aggregatet eftersom den trycks tillbaka av strukturella förändringar i arbetskraftens sammansättning beroende på bransch, utbildning och ålder. För att visa detta introducerar jag begreppet ”genuin” löneglidning inspirerad av Edmund Phelps grundläggande artikel ”Wage Drift” från 1962. Genuin löneglidning betecknar, enligt min definition, skillnaden mellan löneökningar rensade för strukturella förändringar och avtalade löneökningar. När löneökningarna 2015–2018 rensas med avseende på ålder visar beräkningarna för näringslivet att arbetarna fått negativ och tjänstemännen positiv genuin löneglidning om ålderssammansättningen i personalstyrkan är densamma som året innan (minus 0,3 respektive plus 1 procent 2018).

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Artikel (med peer review)Publikation
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Publiceringsår

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Sammanfattning

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